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Appendix II

The Last Sermon of

PROPHET MUHAMMAD

(Peace and Blessings Be Upon Him)

Delivered the 9th day of Dhul Hijrah, 10 A.H.

in the Uranah Valley of Mount Arafat.

All Praise Is Due ALLAH.

I BEAR WITNESS THAT THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH,

THE ONE, HAVING NO PARTNER WITH HIM.

He fulfilled His promise and granted victory to His bondsman, and He alone routed the confederates (of the enemies of Islam).

“Oh people, listen to my words, for I do not know whether we shall ever meet again and perform Hajj after this year. Oh ye people, ALLAH says: ‘Oh people We created you from one male and one female and made you into tribes and nations, so as to be known to one another.’ Verily in the sight of Allah, the most honored amongst you is the one who is most God-fearing. There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab, nor for the white over the black nor for the black over the white except by piety and good action.

“Oh people, verily your blood, your property and your honor are sacred and inviolable until you appear before ALLAH, as the sacred inviolability of this day of yours, this month of yours and this very town. Verily you will soon meet ALLAH and you will be held answerable for your actions.

“Oh people! Fear ALLAH concerning women. Verily you have taken them on the security of ALLAH and have made their persons lawful unto you by words of ALLAH. Verily you have your rights over your wives and they have theirs over you. It is incumbent upon them to honor their conjugal rights and, not commit acts of impropriety which, if they do, you have the authority to discipline them, yet not severely. If your wives refrain from impropriety and are faithful to you, cloth and feed them with fairness. Behold! Apply the injunctions upon women but kindly. Behold! It is not permissible for a woman to give anything from the wealth of her husband to anyone but with his consent.

“Beware, no one committing a crime is responsible for it but himself.

“Behold! All practices of the days of ignorance are now under my feet. The blood revenges of the days of ignorance are remitted. All interest and usurious dues from the times of ignorance are abolished.

“Oh people, every Muslim is the brother of other Muslims, and all the Muslims form one brotherhood. And your slaves see that you feed them with such food as you eat yourselves, and cloth them with the clothes that you yourselves wear.

“Take heed not to go astray after me, and strike one another’s necks. He who has any trust with him, he must return it to its owner.

“Oh people, listen to and obey even a slave if he is your amir (leader) and if he executes the Book of ALLAH among you.

“Oh people, no prophet would be raised after me and no new Ummah after you.

“Verily I have left amongst you that which will never lead you astray, the Book of ALLAH, and the Sunnah of His Messenger which if you hold fast you shall never go astray. And beware of transgressing the limits set in the matters of religion, for it is transgression of religion that brought destruction to (those) before you.

“Verily, the Satan has despaired of being followed in this land of yours, but if he can be obeyed in anything short of worship, he will be pleased; so beware of him in matters of your religion.

“Behold, worship ALLAH, offer prayers five times a day, observe fast in the month of Ramadan, pay readily the Zakat (poor-due) on your property; and perform pilgrimage to the House of ALLAH and obey your rulers and you will be admitted to the Paradise of ALLAH.

“Let him that is present convey it unto him who is absent. And if you were asked about me, what would you say? They answered: ‘We bear witness that you have conveyed the message.’

“Oh ALLAH, bear Thou witness unto it. Oh ALLAH, bear Thou witness unto it.”